The use of herbal supplements can be dangerous in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF), because the kidney is no longer able to remove toxic substances as a healthy person. So there are a certain number of facts that should be known:
- Very few plants have been studied in patients with CKD. What is safe in a healthy person, can be dangerous for a person with CKD. It must be, therefore, very careful about the use of herbal supplements.
- There is no regulation for the content of herbal supplements. The exact content of these products is unknown.
- As there is no regulation, there are no requirements to study in order to ensure the purity, safety and effectiveness of these products
- Preparations of herbal medicines are at risk of contamination (toxic heavy metals such as lead or mercury)
- These products may contain harmful minerals for patients with CKD, such as potassium.
Some plants serve as a diuretic and can cause kidney damage. These include juniper berries and leaves of buchu.Bearberry (bearberry) and chervil can also have negative effects.
Many herbs can interact with medications, such as: ginseng, ginger, garlic, blue cohosh, St. John's wort, ginkgo biloba and echinacea. Transplant patients are particularly at risk, as an interaction between a plant and an immunosuppressant may put them at risk of rejection.
Poisonous plants in chronic renal failure:
| Absinthe | Madagascar periwinkle |
| Autumn crocus | Sassafras |
| Chuifong tuokuwan (Black Pearl) Chinese herb | Tung Shueh Chinese herb |
| Chestnut | Vandelia cordifolia Chinese herb |
Absinthe: artemisia absinthium (wormwood plant, sagewort absinth, absinth wormwood, common sagewort) It is used as an anthelmintic, in diseases of the stomach, to cause the rules in the fight against laziness, against seasickness and nausea.
Autumn crocus: Colchicum autumnale (autumn crocus, meadow saffron) Colchicine is a highly toxic alkaloid tricyclic.It is metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 with drug interactions involved. It disrupts the cytoskeleton by binding to tubulin, thereby inhibiting polymerization of the main constituents of microtubules. Not only that blocks mitosis, a process that is heavily dependent on cytoskeletal changes, but more it inhibits the mobility and activity of neutrophils, resulting in a net anti-inflammatory effect. It also inhibits the adhesion of the latter to the endothelium and the production of superoxide anions induced by uric acid crystals. It is often prescribed to treat gouty arthritis, familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and Behçet's disease. It is also effective in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis or recalcitrant. It is used as first-line chronic relapsing polychondritis.
Chinese herbs: chuifong tuokuwan (Black Pearl), and Tung Shueh Vandelia cordifolia Tested for over 3,000 years, the Chinese pharmacopoeia contains several thousand substances, of which about 300 are commonly used. Some plants commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine we are familiar, licorice or verbena for example. Many, however, are unknown or poorly known here and do not even have a French name. I have not found the equivalent of three plants mentioned in French and have not found what use (if you have information).
Chestnut: Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) long bark (rich in tannins and flavonoids), its flowers and brown are used to derive medicinal preparations. A standardized extract escin, but containing no esculin (toxic anticoagulant) has been marketed since the 60s, made from the whole grain, because the flower, leaf, or bark contain esculin. He treats venous insufficiency and certain related disorders (heaviness and leg swelling, itching, varicose veins, phlebitis, some bruising, hemorrhoids. A study in rats suggests that the standardized extract of horse chestnut have a hypoglycemic effect that could help treat diabetes. [1] Some extracts have a vitamin P activity, anti-hemorrhagic, which were used in preparations to facilitate blood circulation.
Madagascar periwinkle: cataranthus roseus or Vinca rosea (Madagascar periwinkle) Periwinkle produces two active ingredients: vinblastine and vincristine isolated between 1958 and 1965 when the anti-tumor action was highlighted.These molecules belong to the family of alkaloids. The whole plant is used and 1 g of product per tonne of periwinkle vinblastine and vincristine 10 g. Vinblastine is obtained synthetically from two natural compounds found in plants: catharanthine and vindoline. From vinblastine product is more effective molecule navelbine. The molecules from the periwinkle inhibit the assembly of tubulin into microtubules. Vinblastine is particularly active in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, vincristine in turn is involved in acute leukemia in children, while Navelbine is indicated in the treatment of lung cancer and breast cancer
Sassafras Sassafras albidum oficinale treatment of constipation, flatulence and other gastrointestinal problems. It was also used as a general tonic and to treat rheumatism and inflammation of the urinary tract. It is very helpful to stop smoking because it reduces the desire. Externally, he served in cases of rheumatism, gout, psoriasis and eczema.The main precursor of ecstasy or MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-méthlyamphétamine) is the essential oil of sassafras.This is a psychostimulant which, above 200 mg doses, can have a hallucinogenic effect. MDMA is allowing a massive release of serotonin in the brain, including mood changes.
Harmful plants in chronic renal failure:
| Aloe | Bucktooth |
| Cascara | Cirier |
| Blue cohosh | Butcher false holly |
| Ginger | Ginseng |
| Alfalfa | Mate |
| Noni | Nettle |
| Paprika | Dandelion |
| Horsetail | Licorice |
| Rhubarb | Senna |
| Coltsfoot | Verbena |
Aloe: Aloe vera or aloe barbadensis (aloe badbados, medical aloe, burn plant) the thickened juice, obtained incised leaves, for its laxative and cholagogue effect is used. The gel extracted from the leaves of the Aloe vera can also relieve skin pain and speed healing when applied to wounds or burns
Buckthorn: Rhamnus frangula or frangula alnus (glossy buckthorn, alder buckthorn) The dried bark contains 6-9% of anthranoids (chemical family of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and is used as a stimulant laxative. A book for occasional use, as it is irritating to the colon.
Cascara: frangula purshiana or rhamnus purshiana (Cooper Pursh's buckthorn, cascara buckthorn) This herb is an excellent laxative. It removes toxins from the colon that prevent proper operation. It is good to go with plenty of water and a source of fiber, such as flaxseed or psyllium.
Or bayberry tallow tree: Morella cerifera or myrtle cerifera (bayberry) The root bark has astringent, emetic and onic virtues. It is prescribed against flu, sore throats and diarrhea.
Blue cohosh and blue cohosh: caulophyllum thalicrtoides (blue cohosh) wild North American plant, it has antispasmodic properties, diuretic, uterine tonic, anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory. It is used for heavy and painful periods, for rheumatism and arthritis.
Butcher fake holly or butcher's broom or small holly: ruscus aculeatus (butcher's broom). The rhizome circulatory virtues because it is diuretic and vasoconstrictor hence the nickname "plant light legs." The root is emollient. It contains a steroidal glycoside, ruscogenin used in ointments for hemorrhoids or bags under the eyes (in association with quercetin).
Common Ginger: Zingiber officinale (ginger garden) The Indian texts dating back to 1,000 BC that prescribed for ailments ranging from asthma to hemorrhoids. Asian doctors still use it. It is effective in relieving postoperative nausea. [2] It is used as anti-migraine with no adverse effects. [3] It is also recognized relief from motion sickness (disease of transport). Chinese women traditionally consume ginger root during pregnancy to combat morning sickness. [4] It has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa, fighting the bile and pancreatic insufficiencies, lowers cholesterol and has an anti- inflammatory. [5, 6]
Ginseng (Asian ginseng, Korean ginseng, notoginseng, ginseng, American ginseng) Panax quinquefolius, panax ginseng, panax pseudoginseng ... (Chinese ginseng, Korean ginseng, notoginseng, pseudoginseng, field seven, american ginseng) Ginseng is primarily a nervous system stimulant, physical and intellectual and increases stamina. This is a vaso-motor stimulant. Its major bioactive constituents are ginsenosides which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. It can interfere with certain medications (warfarin, digoxin) may increase blood pressure and cause behavioral problems. [7]
Alfalfa: Medicago sativa (alfalfa, lucerne) It is appreciated for its remineralizing properties (it contains significant amounts of iron, calcium, magnesium and potassium) and nutritious, but also for its anti-hemorrhagic share (vitamin K ) and anti-cholesterol (coumestrol).
Mate or yerba mate or Paraguay holly: Ilex paraguariensis (mate) The plant mate would have a significant effect against cancer. It is rich in phenolic compounds and has the property to prevent the proliferation of oral cancer cells. [8]
Noni or morinde or morindier or Malaye or mulberry wood turtle or Java: Morinda citrifolia (indian mulberry, noni) The nono or apple-dog is a tropical tree native to Asia (India) and Australia. Noni is the common trade name of the juice extracted from the fruit pulp. It is used as a medicinal plant in traditional Polynesian culture. The oldest reference about the nono come from Indian Sanskrit writings stating its use in Ayurvedic medicine. Nono juice is sometimes called "Aspirin of the Ancients." It would contain immuno-stimulants, which can protect the body against degenerative diseases such as cancer and delay aging. [9] Cases of acute hepatitis were suspected due to the consumption of noni juice, but not confirmed . [10]
Stinging nettle or small nettle or nettle Shrike: Urtica urens (burning nettle, dwarf nettle) Nettle is rich in flavonoids, iron, calcium, potassium, magnesium as well as vitamin A and C. The roots contain phytostréols. It is used as a tea for its diuretic, galactagogue, anti-rheumatic and to treat urinary tract inflammation in the treatment of kidney stones, rheumatism, and to combat iron deficiency. Decoctions nettle roots are also used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and also act in case of prostate cancer. [11]
Paprika or paprika or pepper: Capsicum annuum var. annuum (cayenne pepper) Paprika is used against colds and headaches. He treats obesity and helps to regulate diabetes. It is immuno-stimulant and contains lots of vitamin (A, C and beta-carotene). It would have an anti-cancer effect and may inhibit the production of cholera toxin. [12] Capsaicin (alkaloid, the active component of chili) is used in creams to relieve the local device and even some violent itching nerve pain. It is also the active ingredient in pepper spray gas.
Dandelion or dandelion: Taraxacum officinale (common dandelion, dandelion, blowball, faceclock) It stimulates the secretion of the digestive organs, has a diuretic effect, increases the flow of bile, stimulates sluggish liver, has an effect purifying and allows the removal of gallstones and kidney calculated.
Horsetail, horse-tail, tail-to-fox: Equisetum arvense (field horsetail, scouring rush, western horsetail), by its richness in minerals, especially silica, but also potassium, and calcium, it has a remineralizing and diuretic effect. It is prescribed for its minerals to heal the skin, connective tissue fragility when cartilage, tendons and bones and acne.
Licorice: Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice cultivated) Elixir for Chinese medicine and according to Hippocrates, this root has a distinctive, sweet and bitter, and tonic, digestive and soothing properties for the throat. It lowers cholesterol, has an expectorant action, quenches thirst, has laxative properties, aids digestion and has anti-arthritic properties. Licorice increases the effect of certain medications such as digitalis, diuretics and some corticosteroids. It can aggravate hypertension via glycyrrhizic acid (inhibition 11ßHSD2 enzyme that converts cortisol to cortisone) which will cause sodium retention.
Rhubarb (Chinese rhubarb, wild rhubarb): Rheum palmatum, Rheum rhaponticum (Chinese rhubarb, rhubarb false) The rhubarb is well endowed with vitamin C (12 mg/100 mg), and it has tonic and anti-anemic properties. It is very laxative due to its high fiber content. It is used as a purgative, near aloe and senna. It provides minerals such as potassium and phosphorus and lower magnesium and calcium amount. Substance secreted by the root is valued for its antiseptic action on liver problems. The leaf blades are particularly toxic because of their content of oxalic acid.Soluble oxalates are precipitated as calcium oxalate in body fluids. In the urine, it can cause kidney stones. [13]
Senna: Senna alexandrina or Cassia angustifolia or Cassia senna (Alexandrian senna) It is used as a purgative, close to aloe and rhubarb whose active ingredients are natural anthraquinone derivatives that increase the peristaltic movements of the colon. The anthraquinone is used as a laxative from a threshold of 30 mg to 36 mg per day. Natural derivatives (anthraquinone glycosides) are transformed in the colon sennosides. They are hydrophilic and reduce the absorption of water in order to have a fluid fecal bolus. Prolonged use more than 8 weeks, or abuse leads to melanism colon, due to the release of lipofuscin (present in the histiocytes and mast cells) in the colon.
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